Sympathy Vs. Empathy
Sympathy is feelings of pity or sorrow for someone else's misfortune. It is an emotional feelings that is experienced and cannot be forced. If you have sympathy for someone you feel bad for them where you have experienced what they have gone through or not. Most actions associated with sympathy is word of affirmation and comfort. Those who have trouble sympathizing with people can open come across as unapproachable because their social interactions can seem strained.
Empathy on the other hand is the intellectual identification or chivalrous expenounce of feelings, thoughts, and attitudes of others. To empathize with someone is to understand another person's condition from their perspective. It is to "Think about Feeling". You don't necessarily feel sorry for them but you understand the situation and how it does affect someone. Empathy also comes with habits or expectations.
It is important for historians to empathize when studying history because they can put themselves in others peoples shoes to figure out why those in the past did what they did. If historians were to sympathize they could become to emotionally connected which can be draining which is why understanding what those in the past did further helps historians.
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